Condylography: recording and analysis
Category: Functional Dentistry
Instructor(s): Gregor Slavicek
Course structure: Lessons: 24 total (17 lessons + 7 free) | Duration: 6 h 34 min
Course overview
This is a course on condylography in the concept of Rudolf Slavicek!
You will learn how to:
– prepare a patient for the mandible movement recording
– determine the hinge axis and the reference position of the patient
– make a decision if the exact splint position works
– follow the standard protocols for mandible movements recording
– identify errors and artifacts during the recording
– describe the data received from the condylography.
The course is for prosthodontists, orthodontists and functional dentists.
What you will learn
- Prepare patients and position recording devices for accurate mandibular movement capture.
- Determine hinge axis and establish reference and therapeutic mandibular positions.
- Identify and interpret artifacts, special signals, and recording quality issues.
- Analyze condylographic data to describe movements, symmetry, and occlusal implications.
Course lessons
Lesson 1. Condylography as part of a systematic functional analysis
– Systematic functional analysis (CFA)
– Anatomical structures and occlusal functions
– Definition of "function", "dysfunction" and "impaired function"
– The treatment strategy. The role of condylography in this strategy
– The role of condylography in the oral rehabilitation.
Lesson 2. Principles of the condylographic recording
– Movements of the lower jaw:
- protrusion
- retrusion
- mediotrusion and laterotrusion
- opening movement
- closing movement
- free movements
- tooth-guided movements
- manipulated movements
- functional movements
- special movements.
– Special signals and artifacts in condylography.
Lesson 3. Application of condylography. Part 1
– Paraocclusal clutch
– Adjustment and stabilizing of the upper facebow
– Determination of the anterior orientation point of the axis-orbital plane
– The lower bow
– Positioning of the styli
– Recording the rotation of the hinge axis
– Geometry of the recording systems, possible artifacts.
Lesson 4. Application of condylography. Part 2
– Condylographic data for occlusal design and functional analysis
– Macroscopic anatomy of the TMJ
– Orientation of the TMJ in centric relation
– The cranio-mandibular system
– Clinical evaluation of the TMJ
– Occlusal index
– Four physiologic end-feels
– Hard inelastic end feel (hard end-point).
Lesson 5. Hinge axis versus rotational axis of the mandible
– Degrees of freedom and rotational axes of the TMJ
– Orientation of the condyles and fossae
– Cross-section of fossa and articular eminence
– Definition of the hinge axis
– Movements of the hinge axis.
Lesson 6. Dynamic of the mediotrusive condyle
– Movement inwards - mediotrusion
– The mediotrusive condyle
– Bennet movement: description by Bennet and condylographic record
– Immediate side shift - abrupt initial movement to the side.
Lesson 7. Dynamic of the laterotrusive condyle
– Laterotrusion
– Working side and non-working side
– Laterotrusive side in condylography
– Examples of typical latreotrusive condylographic recordings.
Lesson 8. The coordinate system
– Sagittal, horizontal and frontal planes
– Coordinate system
– Movements of the hinge axis and the incision inferius.
Lesson 9. Recording of the condylographic movements: free, guided, manipulated, functions
– Condylographic recording
– Recording with the Cadiax® System. Sequence. Protocol for initial diagnostics
– Visual control during recording
– Goal of precise recording. Optimal analytic possibilities.
Lesson 10. Determination of the hinge axis and definition of the reference position
– Terminal hinge (axis) location
– Definition
– Location
– Determination
– Reference (RP) and therapeutic (ThP) position.
Lesson 11. The importance of the axis-orbital plane as reference
– Historical review of axiography
– What is pantograph
– Reference plane of articulation system
– Transfering hinge axis into articulator.
Lesson 12. Condylography and the so-called chewing muscles
– Chewing muscles
– M.masetter
– M.temporalis
– M.pterygiodeus lateralis and medialis
– M.pterygiodeus lateralis, caput inferius
– M.digastricus and suprahyiodale muscles
– Relationships with condylography.
Lesson 13. Basic procedure for describing a condylography
– Systematic description of a condylography
– Description and analysis in relation to the coordinate system
– An analysis process.
Lesson 14. The quantity. Part 1
– Normal values for parameter quantity
– Quantity length in the sagittal view
– Quantity of the free movement
– Quantity of the protrusion. Parameters for opening and mediotrusion
– Quantity general or partial reduced
– Quantity and skeletal Class 3
– Quantity and radius of the trajectory
– Wording.
Lesson 15. The quantity. Part 2
– Good, average and bad quality
– Excellent quality
– Very poor quality
– Wording.
Lesson 16. The characteristic
– Terminology and definitions
– Concave, straight, convex and changing characteristic
– Physiological characteristic
– Changing characteristic: initial convexity
– Changing characteristic: sectors with different radius
– Similar characteristics with different inclinations
– Wording.
Lesson 17. Analysis of start and end point in relation to the reference point
– Stability and instability of the TMJ
– Positions of the TMJ
– Quality of recording
– Start and endpoint. Difference from reference position
– Wording.
Lesson 18. Description of the coincidence of excursion and incursion
– Excursive and incursive movements
– Separation movements
– Assessment criteria for minor separations
– Typical separations
– Wording.
Lesson 19. Description of the coincidence of different orbits
– Protrusion, opening and mediotrusion
– The Fisher angle
– Coincidence of the movements in the middle section
– Wording.
Lesson 20. Analysis of the symmetry in the right-left comparison
– Anatomical and dysfunctional asymmetries
– A right-left condylographic symmetry
– Asymmetry of protrusion
– Asymmetry of the Bennet movements
– Asymmetry of functional movements
– Protrusive bruxing
– Speech and chewing
– Condylographic asymmetries
– Wording.
Lesson 21. Description of special signals
– Basic assumption of the condylography
– Description of special findings and special signals
– Special condylographic signals possible related to joint noises
– Special signals to be recognized during the description of a condylography
– Special signals in condylography and therapeutic indications
– Special signals in condylography that indicate disturbed movement dynamics
– Dynamic analysis of condylography.
Lesson 22. Analysis of the so-called Bennett movement
– The Bennet movement. Different definitions
– The Bennet angle
– Fisher angle
– Separation of protrusion and mediotrusion in condylography
– Description of the Bennet movement in condylography
– Mandibular lateral translation
– Transversal position changes
– Analysis and description of the Bennet movement
– Transversal movements
– Therapeutic effects.
Lesson 23. The key figures of SCI and TCI
– Condylography and articulator
– Reference plane and coordinate system
– Arcon articulators
– Non-arcon articulators
– SCI parameter
– TCI parameter
– Sagittal characteristic.
Lesson 24. Case studies for systematic description
– Protrusion and retrusion on the condylography
– Opening and closing on the condylography
– Mediotrusion on the condylography
– Free and manipulated movements difference
– Wording.
