Condylography from A to Z. From analysis to clinical application
Condylography from A to Z. From analysis to clinical application
Course overview
The most extensive and sequential training on condylography from Professor Gregor Slavicek! You will learn everything every dentist must know: from the protocol for performing the analysis to the clinical application of the results.
What you will learn
Perform a complete condylography protocol independently
Analyze condylographic data in patients with cranio-mandibular and TMJ dysfunctions
Competently and effectively build a comprehensive treatment strategy for patients with TMJ dysfunctions
Make the best diagnostic decisions regarding the dynamics of TMJ treatment
Provide information that is clear and understandable for the entire team and patients
Interpret and apply condylographic data for treatment planning and successful occlusal rehabilitation.
The course is created for functional dentists, prosthodontists, and orthodontists.
Course lessons
Lesson 1. Condylography as part of a systematic functional analysis
Systematic functional analysis (CFA)
Anatomical structures and occlusal functions
Definition of "function", "dysfunction" and "impaired function"
The treatment strategy. The role of condylography in this strategy
The role of condylography in the oral rehabilitation.
Lesson 2. Principles of the condylographic recording
Movements of the lower jaw:
protrusion
retrusion
mediotrusion and laterotrusion
opening movement
closing movement
free movements
tooth-guided movements
manipulated movements
functional movements
special movements.
Special signals and artifacts in condylography.
Lesson 3. Application of condylography. Part 1
Paraocclusal clutch
Adjustment and stabilizing of the upper facebow
Determination of the anterior orientation point of the axis-orbital plane
The lower bow
Positioning of the styli
Recording the rotation of the hinge axis
Geometry of the recording systems, possible artifacts.
Lesson 4. Application of condylography. Part 2
Condylographic data for occlusal design and functional analysis
Macroscopic anatomy of the TMJ
Orientation of the TMJ in centric relation
The cranio-mandibular system
Clinical evaluation of the TMJ
Occlusal index
Four physiologic end-feels
Hard inelastic end feel (hard end-point).
Lesson 5. Hinge axis versus rotational axis of the mandible
Degrees of freedom and rotational axes of the TMJ
Orientation of the condyles and fossae
Cross-section of fossa and articular eminence
Definition of the hinge axis
Movements of the hinge axis.
Lesson 6. Dynamic of the mediotrusive condyle
Movement inwards - mediotrusion
The mediotrusive condyle
Bennet movement: description by Bennet and condylographic record
Immediate side shift - abrupt initial movement to the side.
Lesson 7. Dynamic of the laterotrusive condyle
Laterotrusion
Working side and non-working side
Laterotrusive side in condylography
Examples of typical latreotrusive condylographic recordings.
Lesson 8. The coordinate system
Sagittal, horizontal and frontal planes
Coordinate system
Movements of the hinge axis and the incision inferius.
Lesson 9. Recording of the condylographic movements: free, guided, manipulated, functions
Condylographic recording
Recording with the Cadiax® System. Sequence. Protocol for initial diagnostics
Visual control during recording
Goal of precise recording. Optimal analytic possibilities.
Lesson 10. Determination of the hinge axis and definition of the reference position
Terminal hinge (axis) location
Definition
Location
Determination
Reference (RP) and therapeutic (ThP) position.
Lesson 11. The importance of the axis-orbital plane as reference
Historical review of axiography
What is pantograph
Reference plane of articulation system
Transfering hinge axis into articulator.
Lesson 12. Condylography and the so-called chewing muscles
Chewing muscles
M.masetter
M.temporalis
M.pterygiodeus lateralis and medialis
M.pterygiodeus lateralis, caput inferius
M.digastricus and suprahyiodale muscles
Relationships with condylography.
Lesson 13. Basic procedure for describing a condylography
Systematic description of a condylography
Description and analysis in relation to the coordinate system
An analysis process.
Lesson 14. The quantity. Part 1
Normal values for parameter quantity
Quantity length in the sagittal view
Quantity of the free movement
Quantity of the protrusion. Parameters for opening and mediotrusion
Quantity general or partial reduced
Quantity and skeletal Class 3
Quantity and radius of the trajectory
Wording.
Lesson 15. The quantity. Part 2
Good, average and bad quality
Excellent quality
Very poor quality
Wording.
Lesson 16. The characteristic
Terminology and definitions
Concave, straight, convex and changing characteristic
Physiological characteristic
Changing characteristic: initial convexity
Changing characteristic: sectors with different radius
Similar characteristics with different inclinations
Wording.
Lesson 17. Analysis of start and end point in relation to the reference point
Stability and instability of the TMJ
Positions of the TMJ
Quality of recording
Start and endpoint. Difference from reference position
Wording.
Lesson 18. Description of the coincidence of excursion and incursion
Excursive and incursive movements
Separation movements
Assessment criteria for minor separations
Typical separations
Wording.
Lesson 19. Description of the coincidence of different orbits
Protrusion, opening and mediotrusion
The Fisher angle
Coincidence of the movements in the middle section
Wording.
Lesson 20. Analysis of the symmetry in the right-left comparison
Anatomical and dysfunctional asymmetries
A right-left condylographic symmetry
Asymmetry of protrusion
Asymmetry of the Bennet movements
Asymmetry of functional movements
Protrusive bruxing
Speech and chewing
Condylographic asymmetries
Wording.
Lesson 21. Description of special signals
Basic assumption of the condylography
Description of special findings and special signals
Special condylographic signals possible related to joint noises
Special signals to be recognized during the description of a condylography
Special signals in condylography and therapeutic indications
Special signals in condylography that indicate disturbed movement dynamics
Dynamic analysis of condylography.
Lesson 22. Analysis of the so-called Bennett movement
The Bennet movement. Different definitions
The Bennet angle
Fisher angle
Separation of protrusion and mediotrusion in condylography
Description of the Bennet movement in condylography
Mandibular lateral translation
Transversal position changes
Analysis and description of the Bennet movement
Transversal movements
Therapeutic effects.
Lesson 23. The key figures of SCI and TCI
Condylography and articulator
Reference plane and coordinate system
Arcon articulators
Non-arcon articulators
SCI parameter
TCI parameter
Sagittal characteristic.
Lesson 24. Case studies for systematic description
Protrusion and retrusion on the condylography
Opening and closing on the condylography
Mediotrusion on the condylography
Free and manipulated movements difference
Wording.
Lesson 25. Enabling Therapeutic Strategies for Condylogram Interpretation
Defining the so-called Slavicek concept
Interpretation and enabling therapeutic decisions with condylogram
Comparison between the different condylography recording systems
Condylographic data for occlusal reconstruction
Defining the difference in terminology between condylograph, condylography, and condylogram
The aim of condylographic interpretation
The functional aim of the stomatognathic system
Expectation of condylogram.
Lesson 26. Physiological Conditions and Diagnostic Criteria of the Mandible
Mandibular movement under physiological conditions
Diagnostic criteria of craniomandibular dysfunction and temporomandibular dysfunction
Fundamentals of synovial joint movement
Physiology of synovial joint dynamics
Diagnostic criteria for the most common pain-related temporomandibular disorder
The six principles of temporomandibular dysfunction screening
Interpretation of a condylogram.
Lesson 27. Temporomandibular Joint Osseous Structure Radiographic Imaging
Morphological alterations of the osseous structures
Diagnostic criteria of craniomandibular dysfunction and temporomandibular dysfunction:
Physical diagnosis
MRI, CT scan, panoramic X-ray
psychosocial status.
Condylar head alterations:
Hypoplasia and hyperplasia
Subcortical cysts
Osteophytes.
Disc diagnosis for TMJ using MRI and CT scan.
Lesson 28. Analysis of Condylography of TMJ with Osseous Structural Changes
Condylographic interpretation with osseous structural changes of the TMJ
Morphological changes of osseous structures in condylography
Osteoarthritis of the TMJ: diagnostic and therapeutic goals
Etiology and pathogenetic pathways of arthritis with inflammation.
Lesson 29. Evaluation of Severe TMJ Osseous Structural Changes on the Condylography
Condylographic interpretation of trauma to the TMJ condyle
Condylographic interpretation of fracture with luxation
Condylographic interpretation of fracture without luxation
TMJ CT-imaging: analysis of morphological alterations
Merging condylographic data with CT and MRI imaging
Closed and open mouth MRI imaging of the TMJ
Evaluation of osteoarthritic changes on MRI and condylographic interpretation.
Lesson 30. Muscular Dysfunction in Orofacial Pain: Insights and Analysis
International classification of orofacial pain
Defining and classification of myofascial pain
Primary vs. secondary myofascial pain
Biopsychosocial model of pain
Impact of pain on mandibular movement and proprioception of the craniomandibular system
Analysis of mandibular range of motion (MROM)
Analysis of maximum bite force (MBF)
TMJ proprioception in condylography: evaluation of function and occlusion.
Lesson 31. Condylographic Interpretation of Mandibular Dynamics in Myofascial Pain Cases
Myofascial pain pressure threshold and functional impairment
Protocols for muscle and joint palpation
Analysis of mandibular range of motion in relation to muscular function
Condylographic interpretation of free protrusion and retrusion movements
Condylographic interpretation of free mediotrusion and mediotrusion right movements
Condylographic interpretation of free opening and closing movements.
Lesson 32. Interpretation of Severe Muscular Dysfunction and Discoordination
Superimposition of all mandibular movements on the condylograph
Positive impact of dental structures and occlusion on mandibular movements
Involvement of the neuromuscular system in mandibular movement
Interpretation of mandibular movement on the condylograph.
Lesson 33. Hypermobility and Ligamentous Laxity of the TMJ
Symptomatology of muscles and tendons
Pathological pathways of tendinosis and tendonitis
Healing of ligaments: complete healing, functional repair, and healing with defects
Hypermobility and over-rotation of the TMJ.
Lesson 34. Mobility of the Lower Compartment of the TMJ
Increased mobility of the lower compartment of the TMJ
Analysis and superimposition on a condylograph of:
Protrusion and retrusion
Free mediotrusion and mediotrusion to the right and left
Free opening and closing movements.
Condylographic analysis of guided protrusion and retrusion
Condylographic analysis of guided mediotrusion and mediotrusion to the left.
Lesson 35. Characteristics of Condylography During Masticatory Movement
Condylographic interpretation of guided protrusion, retrusion, and bruxism left and right
Condylographic interpretation of mastication left and right
Condylographic interpretation of all free movements of the TMJ
Evaluation of the initial stages of internal derangement
Risk factors of disc displacement with reduction (DDWR) and without reduction (DDWoR).
Lesson 36. Internal Derangement: Disc Displacement and Joint Noise
Articular disc imaging: position, form, and structure
Disc position in physiological and displaced conditions
Disc shape and position in open and closed mouth
MRI analysis of changes in soft tissue components of the TMJ
Typical condylographic and clinical signs of anterior disc displacement with reduction (aDDwR)
Dynamics of anterior disc displacement with reduction (aDDwR).
Lesson 37. Systematic Description of Condylographic Interpretation
Systematic description of condylographic interpretation of free open and close movements
Systematic description of condylographic interpretation of protrusion and retrusion movements
Systematic description of condylographic interpretation of free left mediotrusion movements
Condylographic interpretation of speech and chewing movements.
Lesson 38. Joint and Ligament Noise Interpretation in Condylographs
Reciprocal clicking noise interpretation in condylography
Joint noises due to anterior disc displacement with reduction (aDDwR) and without reduction (aDDwoR)
Ligamental noise: differential diagnosis during recording
Anterior disc displacement without reduction (aDDwoR) during:
Mediotrusion movement
Open and close movements.
Lesson 39. Impact of Occlusion on Mandibular Function and Movement
Defining occlusal parameters
Analysis of altered occlusal function
Morphological occlusal parameters
Occlusal involvement and signs and symptoms of craniomandibular dysfunction and temporomandibular dysfunction
Justification of oral rehabilitation and occlusal restoration.
Lesson 40. Occlusal Rehabilitation Based on Condylographic Interpretations
Indications and advantages of full mouth oral rehabilitation
Gnathological instruments application in occlusal rehabilitation
Condylography interpretation for occlusal rehabilitation cases.
Lesson 41. Occlusal Function Visualized with Hinge Axis Movement
Angle classification and anterior dental relation during chewing movements
Impact of occlusion on the status of patients
Analysis of all hinge axis movements
Bilateral chewing and atypical chewing patterns
Class 2 malocclusion impact on mandibular movement.
Lesson 42. Condylographic Interpretation During Speech, Mastication, and Bruxing
Posterior and anterior guidance
Impact of occlusion on mastication
Speech and occlusion
Occlusal function in retrusion and protrusion
Pathogenetic link and reduced chewing muscle activity
Maintaining and re-establishing occlusal chewing surfaces and lingual morphology of upper anterior teeth.
